In a large skillet, heat the vegetable oil over medium-high heat. Add the chopped onion and sauté for about 2-3 minutes until softened.
Add the minced garlic and cook for an additional 30 seconds until fragrant.
Add the ground beef to the skillet, breaking it apart with a spatula. Cook until browned and fully cooked, about 5-7 minutes. Drain any excess fat.
Stir in the diced red bell pepper and broccoli florets. Cook for another 3-4 minutes until the vegetables are tender.
In a small bowl, mix together the sweet chili sauce, soy sauce, lime juice, and black pepper. Pour this sauce over the beef and vegetable mixture, stirring to combine. Cook for an additional 2 minutes to heat through.
Serve the beef mixture over cooked jasmine rice. Garnish with chopped green onions and sesame seeds if desired.